Heat illness prevention: what California growers must provide
Cal/OSHA standard 3395 sets the rules for shade, water, rest, and acclimatization. Here is what every farmworker should expect on the job.
Water that is fresh, cool, and free
Employers must provide enough drinking water for at least one quart per worker per hour for the entire shift. Water has to be located as close as practicable to where workers are working. If you ever run out, that is a violation.
Shade when temperatures hit 80°F
Once outdoor temperatures reach 80 degrees Fahrenheit, the employer must have shade structures up and accessible. Shade must be enough to fit all workers on recovery breaks at the same time without forcing physical contact. You have the right to a cool-down rest in the shade for at least five minutes whenever you feel you need it, with no questions asked and no penalty.
High-heat procedures above 95°F
When temperatures hit 95°F, additional rules kick in. Pre-shift meetings must cover heat illness prevention. The employer must observe workers for warning signs, designate someone to call for help in an emergency, and provide a mandatory ten-minute cool-down rest every two hours.
Acclimatization for new workers
New workers and any worker returning to high heat after a week or more away must be closely observed for the first 14 days. The body needs time to adjust. If you are new on a crew, your supervisor should ease you in, not push you to match veteran pace.
How to report a violation
Cal/OSHA accepts complaints in Spanish or English by phone, online, or in person. You can stay anonymous. Retaliation against a worker who reports is illegal. If a coworker shows signs of heat illness — confusion, stopped sweating, vomiting — that is a medical emergency. Call 911 first, then report.
This article summarizes public regulations and is not legal advice. For specific situations, consult a qualified attorney or your local legal aid clinic.